How Many Fire Extinguishers Do You Need?
Got a commercial building? You need fire extinguishers. But how many?
The answer isn't just about square footage. It's about travel distance, fire hazard types, and building use.
The Basic Rule
NFPA 10 doesn't set requirements by square feet. Instead, it uses travel distance - how far someone has to walk to reach an extinguisher.
For most buildings:
- Class A fires (ordinary materials): 75 feet max travel distance
- Class B fires (flammable liquids): 50 feet max travel distance
- Class K fires (cooking oils): 30 feet max travel distance
What This Means for Your Building
Small Offices (Under 3,000 sq ft)
- Usually need 2-4 extinguishers
- One near each exit
- Additional units for storage areas
Medium Buildings (3,000-10,000 sq ft)
- Typically need 6-12 extinguishers
- Strategic placement in hallways
- Extra units in mechanical rooms
Large Buildings (Over 10,000 sq ft)
- Plan for 1 extinguisher per 1,500-3,000 sq ft
- Depends heavily on layout and hazards
- Professional assessment recommended
Special Considerations
High-Hazard Areas
Some spaces need more protection:
- Kitchens require Class K extinguishers every 30 feet
- Server rooms may need special clean agent units
- Warehouses storing flammable materials need closer spacing
Building Layout Matters
- Long corridors need multiple units
- Multi-story buildings need extinguishers on every floor
- Dead-end hallways over 20 feet need dedicated units
Quick Calculation Method
For standard office buildings, use this rough estimate:
- Measure your building's longest dimension
- Divide by 150 feet (half the 75-foot travel distance)
- Round up to get minimum extinguishers needed per floor
Example: 300-foot building ÷ 150 = 2 extinguishers minimum per floor
Don't Guess - Get It Right
Fire marshals are picky about extinguisher placement. Too few units or wrong placement means citations and fines.
Consider hiring a fire protection professional for buildings over 5,000 square feet. They'll create a proper placement plan that meets all codes.
Your insurance company and employees will thank you for getting it right the first time.